There are various impediments in the growth of entrepreneurship development, like lack of viable concept, lack of market familiarity, lack of Technical skill, lack of business knowledge, lack of seed capital, lack of self satisfaction, and motivations, social evils, lack of jobs, pressures of time and attention towards other sides, legal obstacles, monopoly, etc.
In India, various efforts have been made, after independence for entrepreneurship development, both at Government and non-government levels, which includes industrial policy, commercial policy, Licensing Policy, Globalisation, and simplification, etc.
But the progress in this regard may not be termed as satisfactory.
Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship Growth in India
Following are the key factors affecting entrepreneurship growth in India:
1. Traditional Society
Indian society suffers from traditions, customs, and superstitions. Religion, caste, and creed still dominate Indian society.
Traditionally, some jobs are treated as inferior jobs.
Due to the caste system, people hesitate to leave their traditional occupations. Such situations have resulted in a lack of interest in business, capacity to take a risk and constructive thinking.
So the pace of entrepreneurship development has been slow.
Related: 19 Factors Influencing Entrepreneurship Development.
2. Hereditary Jobs
In India, selection of work, occupation, and business has continued on the basis of hereditary adoption, caste system, religious and sex differentials, and other factors and not on the basis of interest, capacity, and feelings.
As a result, the entrepreneurs are not able to select the business or industry, according to their capacity, tastes, interests, and aspirations etc.
3. Unproductive Expenditure
The Indian capital has always been shy. Indian people either keep their savings hidden or spend it for unproductive purposes, like on marriages, religious festivals, and occasions, feast on death, birth celebrations, ornaments, fixed property, luxury goods and likewise.
As a result, capital resources required for the establishment of new and industries are not sufficiently available and it blocks the entrepreneurship development or growth also.
4. Lack of Basic Infrastructure
Basic infrastructure facilities, like transportation, communication, banks, insurance, water, electricity, raw materials, stock exchange, Marketing Services, capital market, organized product marketing, etc. have not been up to the mark in India.
As a result, the progress of industries have been slow and the new entrepreneurs have to face difficulties in establishing the industries.
Related: 12 Main Theories of Entrepreneurship (Explained).
5. Lack of Entrepreneurial Spirit
The development of enterprise and Entrepreneurship depends upon the nature of human resources.
In India, most of the people, particularly the younger generation have the inclination for services and not for establishing and operating the business or industry.
Lack of business aptitude, lack of risk taking capacity, lack of business and Technical abilities and also lack of constructive thinking, entrepreneurship development or growth in India is at a slow pace.
6. Cultural Values
The cultural values have negotiated the entrepreneurship development or growth.
Religion has Deep Impact on Indian society.
Our Ideal has always been, ‘simple living and high thinking’.
In Indian culture, much emphasis has not been given on material gains, personal wealth, economic changes, personal gains, economic works, and high living standards and hence non-economic culture has proved to be an obstacle for entrepreneurship growth.
7. Lack of Education Training Facilities
Education and training facilities relating to entrepreneurship skill lack in India.
Although some training institutes and Technical Education institutes have been established in private and government sectors, after independence, these are not adequate to prepare new entrepreneurs, because the type of Education and Training provided therein, is like that of degree providing Institutions.
Related: 15 Importance of Entrepreneurship (in Modern Economy).
8. Lake of Favourable Environment
All sections of the society like workers, consumers, investors, government, society, and even the competitors, etc. Have contribution in operating an Enterprise.
But, it is unfortunate that in India, labour does not have the enthusiasm to work.
The consumers’ view regarding the entrepreneur have various doubts, capital is always lacking, government policies are impractical, the suppliers also exploit the new entrepreneurs and the competition is cutthroat and not healthy.
In such conditions, favorable entrepreneurship environment is not taking place and perspective and have an adverse effect on their spirit.
9. Deficiency of Capital
As compared to the people Western countries, Indian people at large are not capable to maintain their living standard, due to price rise.
Only the capitalistic class has the courage to establish Industries.
The contribution of banks and Financial Institutions in establishment and expansion of industries in India has also been insufficient.
Loans given for the establishment of industries are not easy terms and conditions. Interest rates are also high.
Hence, entrepreneurship growth has been slow, due to the low repayment capacity.
10. Social and Cultural Factors
Socio-economic factors have also proved to be the obstacle in entrepreneurship growth in India.
Reason being that country is dominated by the caste system, social evils, religious superstitions, etc.
Besides, with an increase in incomes of the new entrepreneurs, demonstrative tendencies crop in. Its ill effect that the entrepreneurs start making use of their savings for big buildings, valuable ornaments, luxury items, dowry. etc.
And as a result, possibilities of higher investments for development of industries are substantially reduced.
Related: 27 Steps Taken for Development of Entrepreneurship in India.
11. Competition with Big Industrial Houses
In India, business activities are centralized in hands of few Industrial houses.
They have a monopoly in business. Similarly, priority is being accorded only to public sector industries in the country.
The new entrepreneur does not think of establishing a new industry, the reason being that he is not in a position to compete with the industrial houses and public sector industries.
Hence, the entrance of new entrepreneurs remains Limited.
12. Residence Against Innovations and Changes
Our country has been dominated by traditional perceptions.
The scientific and logical approach towards the problem has been lacking.
Neglect of innovations, Research, and investigations, residence to changes, etc. have blocked the entrepreneurship growth in India.
In addition, Research and investigation facilities are also lacking and government facilities and assistance in this regard are also very inadequate.
Due to all these reasons, entrepreneurship development has been slow.
13. Lack of Technostructure
Professional managers, experts, and trained employees are required for efficient operation of the companies and public sector enterprise.
It termed as ‘Technostrure’. Lack of technostructure, in India, makes the entrepreneurs feel hesitation in taking risks of the big business.
14. Centralization of Economic Power
Dominance by few industrialists on most of the industries in India implies that small entrepreneurs do not get the opportunity to get ahead.
The big industrialist is capable of molding the government policies and rules in their favor.
These big Industrialists Run their industrial Empire, parallel to the government, and as a result, the government is also unable to have the adequate industrial development of the country.
The centralization of economic power in the hands of a few big Industrialist has also resulted in slow entrepreneurship growth in India.
15. Low Expenditure on Research and Development
The government and private entrepreneurs incur expenditure on research and development activities.
The entrepreneurs regard expenditure on research and investigation is unnecessary.
As a result, innovations do not get encouragement. The Indian entrepreneurs incur expenditure on research and development only for strategy formation for competitions, whereas expenditure incurred on research and development is a long-term investment in the real sense.
Related: 15 Suggestions for Entrepreneurs to Alert about their Responsibilities.
16. Insufficient Government Facilities and Incentives
In India, the development of infrastructural facilities is quite inadequate.
In backward areas, the entrepreneurs are unable to establish Industries because sufficient incentives are not being provided by the government to the entrepreneurs in the form of allotment of suitable land, sources of energy and other required infrastructural facilities.
17. Bureaucracy and Redtapism
Besides the fact that Government of India has been provided providing very few facilities to the entrepreneur, another fact is that due to the prevalence of Bureaucracy and red-tapism, even these facilities have benefited very few entrepreneurs.
Several times, the entrepreneur runs away, rather than obtaining these facilities, on account of lots of formalities.
In government offices, the officers and staff do not pay attention to entrepreneurs style and adopting old traditional walking style.
Related: 17 Importance and Role of Small-Scale Industries (Economy).
18. Other obstacles
The entrepreneurship growth or development has also not been possible due to the competition of the public sector with the private sector.
Persons with higher qualifications and abilities are attracted to government jobs.
The purchasing power of the consumers is still low, due to low national income and per capita income.
Thus, now you know the factors affecting entrepreneurship growth in india.
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